Question

Match the following:

List - I (Thinker)	List - II (Idea on stratification)
A. Talcott Parsons	I. Role allocation and performance
B. K. Davis and Moore	II. Caste hierarchy
C. Melvin M Tumin	III. Stratification and values
D. G.S. Ghurye	IV. Social stratification as functional necessity

• A. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
• B. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
• C. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
• D. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

Hint:

Match key terms: Parsons = Values; Davis/Moore = Functional Necessity; Tumin = Critique of Role Allocation; Ghurye = Caste Hierarchy.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Concept: Social stratification is a core sociological concept examining how societies rank categories of people in a hierarchy based on various theoretical foundations.

Step 1: Talcott Parsons argued that social stratification is rooted in a society's system of shared norms. He proposed that stratification is a reflection of how a society evaluates different roles based on its shared values (III).

Step 2: Davis and Moore are famous for their functionalist theory, which argues that social stratification is a functional necessity (IV) required to ensure the most capable people fill the most important positions.

Step 3: Melvin Tumin wrote a famous critique of the Davis-Moore thesis, emphasizing that extreme stratification can interfere with role allocation and performance (I) by limiting educational and training opportunities for lower strata.

Step 4: G.S. Ghurye, a pioneer of Indian sociology, focused extensively on the unique structural peculiarities of the Indian social system, specifically the caste hierarchy (II).

Step 5: Matching these theorists to their specific concepts results in the sequence: A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

Step 6: This sequence aligns with option (4), which provides the correct theoretical pairings. $$\boxed{\text{(4) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II}}$$