Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I		List-II
A	Protoplasm	I	Hanstein, 1880
B	Protoplast	II	A.F.W. Schimper
C	Plastid	III	J.E. Purkinje, 1840
D	Chloroplast	IV	E. Haeckel, 1865

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Purkinje coined "Protoplasm" and Haeckel coined "Plastid". Memorizing these two foundational terms helps solve matching questions quickly.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Cell biology (cytology) history involves specific discoveries of cellular organelles and the coining of biological terms by early cytologists.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us trace the history of each cellular term:
1. Protoplasm: The term was coined by J.E. Purkinje in 1840 (often cited as 1839) to describe the living gelatinous substance found within plant cells. Thus, (A) matches with (III).
2. Protoplast: The term was proposed by Hanstein in 1880 to designate the entire living unit of a plant cell (cytoplasm and nucleus) excluding the non-living cell wall. Thus, (B) matches with (I).
3. Plastid: The term was coined by the German biologist Ernst Haeckel in 1865 to describe membrane-bound organelles involved in synthesis and storage. Thus, (C) matches with (IV).
4. Chloroplast: The term was officially coined by A.F.W. Schimper in 1883/1885 to distinguish the green plastids from other types like chromoplasts and leucoplasts. Thus, (D) matches with (II).
This leads to the correct combination: (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II).

Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, the correct matching is option (D).