Question

Match the following:

List - I (Classification)	List - II (Instrument)
A. Percussion (Avanaddha)	I. Ektara
B. Wind (Sushir)	II. Panav
C. String (Tat)	III. Sundari
D. Ideophone (Ghan)	IV. Jhanjh

• A. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
• B. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
• C. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
• D. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Hint:

To simplify instrument classification matching, look at literal names: Ektara translates to "one string" (*Ek* + *Tara*), which instantly labels it a stringed instrument (Tat Vadya). This pairs C with I immediately.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Concept: We use the classical acoustic taxonomy of the four organological instrument groups (Chaturvidha Vadya Varg) to classify each specific instrument in List-II:
• Avanaddha Vadya (Percussion with membrane): Instruments covered with skin or leather membranes. Panav (पणव) is an ancient hourglass-shaped ritual drum mentioned in early treatises.
• Sushir Vadya (Wind instruments): Instruments that produce sound using a column of vibrating air. Sundari (सुंदरी) is a traditional double-reed wind instrument similar to a smaller, higher-pitched Shehnai, popular in Maharashtra.
• Tat Vadya (Stringed instruments): Instruments that produce sound via vibrating stretched strings or wires. The Ektara (एकतारा) is a famous single-string drone instrument widely used by folk minstrels and Sufi singers.
• Ghan Vadya (Solid Ideophones): Instruments made of solid metal or wood that resonate without a membrane. Jhanjh (झांझ) refers to large classical metallic clash cymbals used to maintain steady structural rhythms during large-scale devotional gatherings.

Step 1: Match each classification group with its correct instrument.

• A. Percussion (Avanaddha) matches with II. Panav.
• B. Wind (Sushir) matches with III. Sundari.
• C. String (Tat) matches with I. Ektara.
• D. Ideophone (Ghan) matches with IV. Jhanjh. This yields the sequence: A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV. This matches option (D).