Question

Match List I with List II:
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Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-I, B-II, C-V, D-IV
• B. A-II, B-V, C-IV, D-III
• C. A-V, B-III, C-I, D-II
• D. A-III, B-V, C-IV, D-I

Hint:

To match these theorists quickly:
- Bandura = Modelling/Imitation
- Freud = Fixation/Psychosexual
- Bowlby = Attachment
- Erikson = Psychosocial stages

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Developmental psychology includes several theoretical frameworks—such as social learning, psychosexual, attachment, and psychosocial theories—that explain different aspects of human growth and behavior.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match each developmental concept with its corresponding theorist:
- Modelling (A): Albert Bandura (III) introduced this concept within his Social Learning Theory (later Social Cognitive Theory).
It refers to the process of learning by observing and imitating the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others.
- Fixation (B): Sigmund Freud (V) developed this concept within his Psychosexual Stages of Development.
It refers to a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage where a conflict was unresolved.
- Attachment (C): John Bowlby (IV) formulated Attachment Theory.
It explains the biological and evolutionary need for infants to form close, secure emotional bonds with their primary caregivers for survival and healthy emotional development.
- Generativity vs. Stagnation (D): Erik Erikson (I) identified this crisis in middle adulthood as the seventh stage of his Psychosocial Theory, where individuals focus on contributing to the next generation versus feeling unproductive.
This matching corresponds to the sequence: A-III, B-V, C-IV, and D-I.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching of concepts and theorists is represented by option (D).