Question

Match List-I with List-II: 

List-I	List-II
(A) Acute gastritis	(I) Hematemesis
(B) Ulceration or erosion	(II) Nonproductive retching, abdominal distension, tachycardia
(C) Gastric dilatation/volvulus	(III) Persistent vomiting of food or bile
(D) Chronic gastritis	(IV) Sudden onset of vomiting

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV) is a critical emergency. Always associate GDV with "non-productive retching and abdominal distension" (C-II) to identify the correct match instantly.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This matching question associates different gastrointestinal disorders in small animals with their most characteristic clinical presentations.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze each pathological condition and its primary clinical presentation:
- Acute gastritis (A): Characterized by sudden, acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa, typically presenting with a sudden onset of vomiting. This matches with (IV).
- Ulceration or erosion (B): Deep mucosal erosion damages blood vessels, leading to gastric bleeding. This bleeding clinically manifests as hematemesis (vomiting of fresh or digested blood). This matches with (I).
- Gastric dilatation-volvulus GDV (C): A life-threatening emergency in deep-chested dogs where the stomach twists and distends with gas. The classic clinical presentation includes non-productive retching, marked abdominal distension, and tachycardia (due to obstructive shock). This matches with (II).
- Chronic gastritis (D): Characterized by long-term inflammation of the stomach wall, clinically presenting as persistent vomiting of food or bile over weeks or months. This matches with (III).
Combining these individual linkages, the matching sequence is (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The matching sequence is represented by option (C).