Question

Match List-I with List-II
\begin{tabular List-I (Spatial characteristics of watershed) & List-II (Scientist /organization)
(A). Watershed delineation & (I). Bernard
(B). Watershed coding & (II). McCuen
(C). Watershed geometry & (III). Horton
(D). Stream order & (IV). AISLUS

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Horton is considered the father of modern geomorphology and quantitative hydrology.
Associate Horton directly with stream ordering and infiltration theory, and AISLUS with watershed codification in India.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This matching task involves linking various spatial and morphometric characteristics of watersheds with the pioneering researchers or organizations that developed the methodologies for their study.
Detailed Explanation:
Let us find the correct pairings:
- (A) Watershed delineation: Richard H. McCuen is a prominent hydrologist known for his work on engineering hydrology and GIS applications, including systematic methods for watershed delineation and run-off modeling.
Thus, (A) matches with (II).
- (B) Watershed coding: In India, the All India Soil and Land Use Survey (AISLUS) developed the national system for codifying watersheds.
This system divides the country into water resource regions, basins, catchments, sub-catchments, and watersheds, assigning unique alphanumeric codes to each.
Thus, (B) matches with (IV).
- (C) Watershed geometry: M. Bernard made early contributions to the geometry of watersheds, including the developent of unit hydrographs based on physical watershed geometry.
Thus, (C) matches with (I).
- (D) Stream order: Robert E. Horton (1945) introduced the first quantitative, hierarchical system of stream ordering, which classifies streams based on their position in the drainage network.
Thus, (D) matches with (III).
Combining these matches, we get: (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III).

Step 2: Final Answer:
Based on the matched pairs, the correct option is (A).