Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Disease)	List-II (Abortion/Metritis)
(A) Equine viral arteritis	(I) Abortion at last four months of pregnancy
(B) Equine herpes virus	(II) Abortion in the latter half of pregnancy
(C) Aspergillus spp.	(III) Fungal abortion
(D) Taylorella equigenitalis	(IV) Congious equine metritis

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (III), (D) - (I)

Hint:

To remember equine abortion characteristics:
- EHV-1 \(\rightarrow\) Fresh fetus, "abortion storms" in the last four months.
- EVA \(\rightarrow\) Autolyzed fetus, abortion in the latter half of pregnancy.
- *Aspergillus* \(\rightarrow\) Fungal abortion.
- *Taylorella equigenitalis* \(\rightarrow\) Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Reproductive diseases in horses can cause significant economic losses due to metritis, infertility, or abortions.
Identifying the distinct clinical signs, timing of abortion, and pathological features associated with each pathogen is essential for equine reproductive herd health.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the diseases in List-I with the descriptions in List-II:
- (A) Equine viral arteritis (EVA): EVA is a contagious viral disease caused by the Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV).
In pregnant mares, infection typically causes abortion during the latter half of pregnancy (between 3 to 10 months of gestation).
The aborted fetus is often partially autolyzed, and the placenta may show edema.
Thus, (A) matches with (II).
- (B) Equine herpes virus (EHV): Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) is a major cause of infectious abortion in mares, often causing "abortion storms."
Abortion typically occurs without warning during the last four months of pregnancy (between 7 to 11 months of gestation), and the fetus is delivered fresh with minimal autolysis.
Thus, (B) matches with (I).
- (C) Aspergillus spp.: *Aspergillus* species are the most common cause of mycotic (fungal) abortion in mares.
Fungal spores enter the uterus via the cervix (ascending infection), causing placentitis, thick leathery placental lesions, and subsequent fetal death and abortion.
Thus, (C) matches with (III).
- (D) Taylorella equigenitalis: This bacterium is the causative agent of Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM), which is a highly contagious venereal disease of horses.
It causes severe endometritis, cervicitis, and a copious mucopurulent vaginal discharge in mares, leading to temporary infertility.
Thus, (D) matches with (IV).
Therefore, the correct matching is: (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (B).