Question

Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Deficiency disease)	List-II (Preventive measure)
(A) Xerophthalmia	(I) Iodized salt
(B) Cretinism	(II) Iron and folic acid tablets
(C) Rickets	(III) F-75 formula
(D) PEM	(IV) Vitamin A supplementation
	(V) Sun exposure

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (II), (B) - (V), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (V), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (V)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Remember the WHO therapeutic formulas for severe acute malnutrition (SAM):
- F-75 is the starter formula used during the initial stabilization phase.
- F-100 is the catch-up growth formula used during the rehabilitation phase.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Nutritional deficiency disorders are prevented or managed by specific target interventions, such as dietary supplementation, fortification, lifestyle modification, or therapeutic clinical diets.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the deficiency diseases with their preventive/therapeutic measures:
1. Xerophthalmia (A): Caused by Vitamin A deficiency. The primary public health intervention is periodic Vitamin A supplementation (high-dose capsules). Thus, (A) matches (IV).
2. Cretinism (B): A congenital condition of severe mental and physical retardation caused by maternal iodine deficiency during pregnancy. It is prevented by universal salt iodization using Iodized salt. Thus, (B) matches (I).
3. Rickets (C): A bone-softening disorder in children caused by Vitamin D deficiency. It is prevented by adequate skin synthesis of Vitamin D via Sun exposure. Thus, (C) matches (V).
4. Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) (D): Severe cases of PEM (like marasmus or kwashiorkor) with complications are managed in nutritional rehabilitation centers using specialized therapeutic milk diets, starting with the F-75 formula (low protein/calorie starter diet) followed by F-100. Thus, (D) matches (III).
This gives the combination: (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (V), (D) - (III).

Step 3: Final Answer
The correct option is (B).