Function-to-symptom mapping: Each micronutrient produces a signature deficiency symptom tied to its unique biochemical role. Chloride is required for the water-oxidising step of photosystem II, so its shortage disrupts that specific reaction. Zinc governs auxin synthesis and internode elongation, so its deficiency shows up as shortened internodes and rosetting, commonly called little leaf. Sodium can substitute for potassium in some osmotic and stomatal functions, and its lack shows as interveinal yellowing. Manganese activates enzymes involved in PEP regeneration in the C4 photosynthetic pathway, so deficiency disrupts that cycle. Molybdenum is the metal centre of nitrate reductase and nitrogenase, so its deficiency impairs nitrogen assimilation.
Matching each element to its unique functional signature, rather than memorising the pairing directly, reproduces the same correspondence given in the first option.