Concept:
Luster (or lustre) decoration is a traditional ceramic technique that creates a thin, metallic, iridescent film on the surface of a ceramic piece.
Step 1:
Luster involves applying metallic salts (such as copper, silver, or gold) suspended in an organic binder (like resin).
Step 2:
This metallic mixture cannot be applied directly to raw clay or put under a glaze, because high kiln temperatures would burn away or vaporize the thin metallic layer. Instead, it must be painted onto a piece that has already been glazed and fired.
Step 3:
Once applied to the glossy surface of the fired glaze, the piece is fired a third time at a very low temperature (often in a reduction atmosphere). The binder burns away, and the metal fuses onto the very top surface of the glaze.
Step 4:
Because the decoration is applied entirely on top of a pre-existing, fired glaze, it is categorically defined as an overglaze technique.
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\boxed{\text{(2) over glaze decoration}}
\]