Question:
In warping, curvature both across the width and along the length of a piece of wood is known as _______
In warping, curvature both across the width and along the length of a piece of wood is known as _______
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To easily remember warping defects:
- Width only \(\rightarrow\) Cupping
- Length only (face) \(\rightarrow\) Bowing
- Length only (edge) \(\rightarrow\) Spring
- Combined/Spiral \(\rightarrow\) Twist
- Width only \(\rightarrow\) Cupping
- Length only (face) \(\rightarrow\) Bowing
- Length only (edge) \(\rightarrow\) Spring
- Combined/Spiral \(\rightarrow\) Twist
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- Cupping
- Bowing
- Twist
- Spring
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Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Warping is a distortion in sawn timber that occurs during the drying (seasoning) process due to unequal shrinkage along different wood grain directions.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us define the primary types of warping defects in timber:
1. Cupping: A curvature across the width of the board, making the face concave.
2. Bowing: A curvature along the length of the board, making the flat face concave or convex along its length.
3. Spring (Crook): A curvature along the edge of the board in its longitudinal direction, while the face remains flat.
4. Twist: A spiral-like distortion of the board where curvature occurs both across the width and along the length, lifting the corners out of plane.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Curvature occurring both across the width and along the length is defined as Twist.
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