In the reaction:
\[
NH_2CONH_2 + 2H_2O \rightarrow [X] \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3 + H_2O + [Y]
\]
The hybridization of carbon in \( X \) and \( Y \) respectively are:
Show Hint
- \( sp^2, sp \)
- \( sp, sp^2 \)
- \( sp^3, sp^2 \)
- \( sp^2, sp^3 \)
\bigskip
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Reaction
- Urea (\( NH_2CONH_2 \)) hydrolyzes in the presence of water to form carbamic acid (\( NH_2COOH \)), which is unstable and decomposes into ammonia (\( NH_3 \)) and carbonic acid (\( H_2CO_3 \)).
- Here, X = Carbamic acid (\( NH_2COOH \)) and Y = Carbon dioxide (\( CO_2 \)).
Step 2: Determining Hybridization of Carbon in \( X \) and \( Y \)
- Carbamic acid (\( NH_2COOH \)) contains a carbonyl (\( C=O \)) functional group, where the carbon is sp\(^2\)-hybridized due to one double bond and two single bonds.
- Carbon dioxide (\( CO_2 \)) has a linear structure with two double bonds, making the carbon sp-hybridized.
Step 3: Identifying the Correct Option
- \( X = NH_2COOH \) → Carbon is \( sp^2 \)-hybridized.
- \( Y = CO_2 \) → Carbon is \( sp \)-hybridized.
- This corresponds to Option (1): \( sp^2, sp \). ✅
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