Question:
In grape, the nodes just above the inflorescence usually develop
In grape, the nodes just above the inflorescence usually develop
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Remember that in Vitis vinifera, tendrils and inflorescences are homologous organs. Lower nodes of the shoot produce inflorescences, while subsequent upper nodes develop tendrils.
Updated On: Jul 31, 2026
- Calyptra
- Forks
- Reflexed stamens
- Tendrils
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The vegetative and reproductive morphology of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is characterized by a unique pattern of shoot development.
Both tendrils (vegetative climbing organs) and inflorescences (reproductive structures) in grapevines are homologous organs.
They develop from the same undifferentiated primordial structures, known as “anlagen” or uncommitted primordia, formed at the shoot apex opposite the leaves.
The developmental pathway of these primordia is regulated by hormonal signals, primarily the balance between gibberellins and cytokinins.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In grapevines, shoot growth is sympodial, and the apical meristem regularly terminates, to be replaced by the sub-apical bud.
On a developing spring shoot, the first few nodes near the base typically produce leaves with no opposite organs.
As the shoot elongates, the next few nodes develop inflorescences opposite the leaves under the influence of stored carbohydrates and high cytokinin levels.
Once these floral bunches are formed, the hormonal balance in the rapidly extending shoot shifts towards higher gibberellin concentrations.
Consequently, the uncommitted primordia at the nodes immediately above the inflorescences differentiate into vegetative tendrils rather than flowers.
This spatial arrangement ensures that the plant allocates energy first to reproduction at the lower, more stable nodes, and then to vegetative support and climbing at the higher nodes.
Concerning the other options:
Calyptra refers to the fused petals of the grape flower (forming a cap) that drop off during anthesis to expose the stamens and pistil.
Forks refer to branching divisions of the tendril or shoot but do not constitute a specific organ at those nodes.
Reflexed stamens are sexual floral structures found within individual flowers of female grapevines and do not develop directly from stem nodes.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, the nodes immediately succeeding the inflorescence on a grapevine shoot regularly develop tendrils.
The vegetative and reproductive morphology of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is characterized by a unique pattern of shoot development.
Both tendrils (vegetative climbing organs) and inflorescences (reproductive structures) in grapevines are homologous organs.
They develop from the same undifferentiated primordial structures, known as “anlagen” or uncommitted primordia, formed at the shoot apex opposite the leaves.
The developmental pathway of these primordia is regulated by hormonal signals, primarily the balance between gibberellins and cytokinins.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In grapevines, shoot growth is sympodial, and the apical meristem regularly terminates, to be replaced by the sub-apical bud.
On a developing spring shoot, the first few nodes near the base typically produce leaves with no opposite organs.
As the shoot elongates, the next few nodes develop inflorescences opposite the leaves under the influence of stored carbohydrates and high cytokinin levels.
Once these floral bunches are formed, the hormonal balance in the rapidly extending shoot shifts towards higher gibberellin concentrations.
Consequently, the uncommitted primordia at the nodes immediately above the inflorescences differentiate into vegetative tendrils rather than flowers.
This spatial arrangement ensures that the plant allocates energy first to reproduction at the lower, more stable nodes, and then to vegetative support and climbing at the higher nodes.
Concerning the other options:
Calyptra refers to the fused petals of the grape flower (forming a cap) that drop off during anthesis to expose the stamens and pistil.
Forks refer to branching divisions of the tendril or shoot but do not constitute a specific organ at those nodes.
Reflexed stamens are sexual floral structures found within individual flowers of female grapevines and do not develop directly from stem nodes.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, the nodes immediately succeeding the inflorescence on a grapevine shoot regularly develop tendrils.
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