Question:
In a Zener diode :
In a Zener diode :
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Zener diode:
• operates in reverse breakdown region,
• has sharp low-voltage breakdown,
• is widely used for voltage regulation.
• operates in reverse breakdown region,
• has sharp low-voltage breakdown,
• is widely used for voltage regulation.
Updated On: May 22, 2026
- Forward voltage rating is high
- Sharp breakdown occurs at low reverse voltage
- Negative resistance characteristics exists
- Sharp breakdown never occurs
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
A Zener diode is a specially designed heavily doped PN junction diode intended to operate in reverse breakdown region.
Important properties:
• sharp reverse breakdown,
• low breakdown voltage,
• nearly constant voltage after breakdown.
Step 1: Understanding Zener diode operation. When reverse voltage reaches the Zener breakdown voltage: \[ V_Z \] the diode suddenly conducts heavily while maintaining almost constant voltage.
Step 2: Analyzing option (1). Statement: \[ \text{Forward voltage rating is high} \] This is incorrect. Zener diode forward characteristics are similar to ordinary silicon diodes: \[ V_F \approx 0.7V \] Hence this option is false.
Step 3: Analyzing option (2). Statement: \[ \text{Sharp breakdown occurs at low reverse voltage} \] This is correct. Because of heavy doping:
• depletion region becomes thin,
• breakdown occurs at comparatively low reverse voltage,
• breakdown is sharp and well defined. Hence this option is correct.
Step 4: Analyzing option (3). Negative resistance characteristic is associated with devices such as tunnel diode, not ordinary Zener diode operation. Hence this option is incorrect.
Step 5: Analyzing option (4). This statement is opposite to actual Zener behavior. Zener diode is specifically known for sharp breakdown. Hence this option is incorrect.
Step 6: Selecting the correct answer. Therefore the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{(2)} \]
• sharp reverse breakdown,
• low breakdown voltage,
• nearly constant voltage after breakdown.
Step 1: Understanding Zener diode operation. When reverse voltage reaches the Zener breakdown voltage: \[ V_Z \] the diode suddenly conducts heavily while maintaining almost constant voltage.
Step 2: Analyzing option (1). Statement: \[ \text{Forward voltage rating is high} \] This is incorrect. Zener diode forward characteristics are similar to ordinary silicon diodes: \[ V_F \approx 0.7V \] Hence this option is false.
Step 3: Analyzing option (2). Statement: \[ \text{Sharp breakdown occurs at low reverse voltage} \] This is correct. Because of heavy doping:
• depletion region becomes thin,
• breakdown occurs at comparatively low reverse voltage,
• breakdown is sharp and well defined. Hence this option is correct.
Step 4: Analyzing option (3). Negative resistance characteristic is associated with devices such as tunnel diode, not ordinary Zener diode operation. Hence this option is incorrect.
Step 5: Analyzing option (4). This statement is opposite to actual Zener behavior. Zener diode is specifically known for sharp breakdown. Hence this option is incorrect.
Step 6: Selecting the correct answer. Therefore the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{(2)} \]
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