Question

In 1975, Kohler and Milstein produced the first

• A. Monoclonal antibody secreting hybridoma cell line
• B. Synthetic DNA molecule
• C. Vaccine
• D. Synthetic bacterial cell wall

Hint:

Hybridoma Technology (1975): Köhler & Milstein fused B cells + Myeloma cells in PEG $\rightarrow$ Monoclonal Antibodies (Nobel Prize 1984).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Hybridoma technology enables the immortalization of single B cell clones to produce continuous, monospecific monoclonal antibodies.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In 1975, Georges Köhler and César Milstein (MRC Cambridge) pioneered Hybridoma Technology:
- They fused antigen-primed antibody-producing murine splenic B lymphocytes with immortal HGPRT-deficient myeloma tumor cells using polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- Selection in HAT (Hypoxanthine-Aminopterin-Thymidine) medium isolated fused hybrid cells (hybridomas) combining infinite proliferation with specific single-epitope antibody secretion.
- For this breakthrough, they were awarded the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, Kohler and Milstein produced the first Monoclonal antibody secreting hybridoma cell line, matching option (A).