Refractories are used in furnaces and kilns where they come in contact with molten slag.
Slag can chemically attack the refractory lining.
Therefore, it is important to test the resistance of a refractory against slag attack.
The impingement test is used to evaluate the slag resistance of a refractory material.
In this test, molten slag or aggressive material is brought into contact with the refractory surface.
The effect of slag on the refractory is then observed.
If the refractory resists corrosion, penetration, and chemical attack, it has good slag resistance.
Thermal shock resistance is related to resistance against sudden temperature change.
Thermal expansion is measured by expansion testing.
Thermal conductivity is measured by heat flow methods.
Therefore, the impingement test is done to find:
\[
\text{Slag resistance}.
\]