Question

Identify the type of intermolecular force present between benzene and ammonia.

• A. Hydrogen bonding
• B. Dipole-induced dipole interaction
• C. Dipole-dipole interaction
• D. Ion-dipole interaction

Hint:

Interaction between a polar molecule and a non-polar molecule is generally: \[ \text{Dipole-induced dipole interaction} \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept:
Intermolecular forces depend on the polarity of molecules.
• Polar molecules possess permanent dipoles.
• Non-polar molecules do not possess permanent dipoles.

Step 1: Identify the nature of benzene. Benzene $\left(C_6H_6\right)$ is:
• Symmetrical
• Non-polar Hence, benzene has no permanent dipole moment.

Step 2: Identify the nature of ammonia. Ammonia $\left(NH_3\right)$ is:
• Polar molecule
• Has permanent dipole moment

Step 3: Determine the intermolecular interaction. The permanent dipole of ammonia induces a temporary dipole in benzene. Therefore, the interaction is: \[ \text{Dipole-induced dipole interaction} \]

Step 4: Eliminate other options.
• Hydrogen bonding → not possible because benzene lacks highly electronegative atoms
• Dipole-dipole interaction → requires both molecules to be polar
• Ion-dipole interaction → ions are absent

Step 5: Conclusion. Hence, the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{\text{Dipole-induced dipole interaction}} \]