Question:
Identify the term used for the process of alkaline hydrolysis of natural oils and fats to produce soap.
Identify the term used for the process of alkaline hydrolysis of natural oils and fats to produce soap.
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Alkaline hydrolysis of fats and oils to form soap is called saponification.
Updated On: Nov 12, 2026
- Esterification
- Hydrogenation
- Saponification
- Neutralization
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept
Oils and fats are esters of glycerol with long chain fatty acids.
Step 2: Reaction
Boiling them with aqueous NaOH or KOH hydrolyses the ester bonds. This gives glycerol and sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids, which are soaps.
Step 3: Name of the process
This alkaline hydrolysis of fats is called saponification.
Final Answer:
The process is called saponification. \[ \boxed{\text{(C) }\text{Saponification}} \]
Oils and fats are esters of glycerol with long chain fatty acids.
Step 2: Reaction
Boiling them with aqueous NaOH or KOH hydrolyses the ester bonds. This gives glycerol and sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids, which are soaps.
Step 3: Name of the process
This alkaline hydrolysis of fats is called saponification.
Final Answer:
The process is called saponification. \[ \boxed{\text{(C) }\text{Saponification}} \]
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