Identify the correct sequence of reactions and products for the following scheme.
Show Hint
In reactions involving phenol and sodium hydroxide, typical reactions include the Kolbe reaction (formation of salicylic acid) and ether formation via methylation.
Step 1: Analyze the given reaction conditions.
- Reaction (i): Phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide and hydrogen ion to form phenoxide. This matches \( P_1 \) as Phenol.
- Reaction (ii): Phenol undergoes a Kolbe reaction with sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide, resulting in the formation of salicylic acid. So, \( P_2 \) is Salicylic acid.
- Reaction (iii): The reaction with sodium hydroxide and methyl chloride suggests a methylation, leading to the formation of anisole (phenyl methyl ether). Therefore, \( P_3 \) is Anisole.
- Reaction (iv): Phenylacetate reacts with sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide, which forms aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). Hence, \( P_4 \) is Aspirin. Step 2: Write the correct product names based on reactions.
Thus, the final products are:
\[
P_1 = \text{Phenol}, P_2 = \text{Salicylic acid}, P_3 = \text{Anisole}, P_4 = \text{Aspirin}
\] Step 3: Final conclusion.
Therefore, the correct sequence is option (3):
\[
\boxed{P_1 = \text{Phenol}, P_2 = \text{Salicylic acid}, P_3 = \text{Anisole}, P_4 = \text{Aspirin}}
\]
So, the correct answer is:
\[
\boxed{(3)}
\]
