Question

Identify the characteristic features of Addison's disease caused due to hyposecretion of mineralocorticoids.
(A). Low blood sugar
(B). Low \(\text{Na}^{+}\) and high \(\text{K}^{+}\) concentration in plasma.
(C). Increased loss of \(\text{Na}^{+}\) and water in urine.
(D). Obesity.
(E). Weight loss.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B) and (D) only.
• B. (A), (B) and (C) only.
• C. (A), (B), (C) and (E) only.
• D. (B), (C) and (E) only.

Hint:

Lack of aldosterone causes sodium and water loss, high potassium and weight loss.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept
Addison's disease is hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex. The mineralocorticoid lost is aldosterone, which reabsorbs \(\text{Na}^{+}\) and water and excretes \(\text{K}^{+}\).

Step 2: Check each feature
(A) Low blood sugar comes from lack of glucocorticoids, not mineralocorticoids.
(B) True: plasma \(\text{Na}^{+}\) falls and \(\text{K}^{+}\) rises.
(C) True: more \(\text{Na}^{+}\) and water are lost in urine.
(D) False: obesity is seen in Cushing's syndrome.
(E) True: dehydration leads to weight loss.

Step 3: Conclude
The features due to low mineralocorticoids are (B), (C) and (E) only.

Final Answer:
Features (B), (C) and (E) are correct. \[ \boxed{\text{(D) }\text{(B), (C) and (E) only.}} \]