Question

Identify the Apomixis and parthenocarpy among the following statements respectively:
A) Production of seeds without fertilization
B) Occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed
C) Production of fruits without fertilization of ovary
D) Cultivation of hybrid plants

• A. A, B
• B. C, A
• C. A, C
• D. B, A

Hint:

Remember: Apomixis produces SEEDS without fertilization.
Parthenocarpy produces FRUITS without fertilization. Keep this distinction clear!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question requires matching the terms "Apomixis" and "Parthenocarpy" with their correct biological descriptions from the given options (A, B, C, D).

Step 2: Key Concepts and Approach:
We recall the definitions of asexual and sexual mimicking phenomena in plants:
Apomixis mimics sexual reproduction by producing seeds without fertilization.
Parthenocarpy refers to the formation of seedless fruits without fertilization of the ovary.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:

• Statement A (Apomixis): Apomixis is a genetically controlled mechanism where seeds are formed without fertilization.
It is common in grasses and Asteraceae, allowing the preservation of maternal genetic traits.

• Statement B (Polyembryony): The occurrence of more than one embryo in a single seed is called polyembryony (commonly seen in Citrus).

• Statement C (Parthenocarpy): Parthenocarpy is the process of fruit development without fertilization of the ovules.
This leads to seedless fruits, as seen naturally in bananas or induced by auxins/gibberellins.

• Statement D: This describes standard plant breeding practices, not apomixis or parthenocarpy.


Step 4: Final Answer:
Apomixis is represented by statement A, and parthenocarpy is represented by statement C.