Question

How will you obtain (Write chemical equation only):
i) Ethyl alcohol from Grignard's reagent
ii) Tertiary alcohol from Grignard's reagent
iii) Ethyl alcohol from Methyl alcohol
iv) Diethyl ether from Ethyl alcohol
v) Ethyl acetate from Ethyl alcohol

Hint:

Grignard's reagent with formaldehyde gives primary alcohol, with aldehydes/ketones gives secondary or tertiary alcohols. Dehydration of ethanol gives ether, while esterification with acetic acid gives ethyl acetate.

Answer 1

i) Ethyl alcohol from Grignard's reagent:
\[ C_2H_5MgBr + HCHO \;\xrightarrow{ether}\; C_2H_5CH_2OMgBr \;\xrightarrow{H_2O}\; C_2H_5CH_2OH \]
ii) Tertiary alcohol from Grignard's reagent:
\[ C_2H_5MgBr + CH_3COCH_3 \;\xrightarrow{ether}\; (CH_3)_2C(OMgBr)C_2H_5 \;\xrightarrow{H_2O}\; (CH_3)_2C(OH)C_2H_5 \]
iii) Ethyl alcohol from Methyl alcohol:
\[ CH_3OH \;\xrightarrow{P/I_2}\; CH_3I \;\xrightarrow{KCN}\; CH_3CN \;\xrightarrow{H_2/Ni}\; CH_3CH_2NH_2 \;\xrightarrow{NaNO_2/HCl}\; C_2H_5OH \]
iv) Diethyl ether from Ethyl alcohol:
\[ 2C_2H_5OH \;\xrightarrow{conc. \, H_2SO_4,\, 413\,K}\; C_2H_5OC_2H_5 + H_2O \]
v) Ethyl acetate from Ethyl alcohol:
\[ C_2H_5OH + CH_3COOH \;\xrightarrow{conc. \, H_2SO_4}\; CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O \]