Question:
Hemodialysis is mandatory in which poisoning?
Hemodialysis is mandatory in which poisoning?
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Think about which poison is small and water soluble with low protein binding, since dialysis clears those best.
Updated On: Jul 8, 2026
- Copper sulphate poisoning
- Ethanol poisoning
- Amphetamine poisoning
- Organophosphorus poisoning
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Know when hemodialysis works for a poison.
Hemodialysis pulls a poison out of the blood across a membrane. It works best when the poison is small in size, is not bound tightly to plasma proteins, does not spread widely into body tissues, and dissolves well in water.
Step 2: Check ethanol against these rules.
Ethanol is a small molecule that barely binds to plasma proteins, stays mostly in body water, and mixes freely with water. This makes it easy to pull out with a dialysis machine. When a patient has a dangerously high blood alcohol level, is in coma, or has breathing that is shutting down, and supportive care alone is not enough, or another toxic alcohol was taken along with it, hemodialysis is used to bring the level down fast.
Step 3: Rule out copper sulphate poisoning.
Copper sulphate poisoning causes vomiting, hemolysis, and can injure the kidney and liver. Treatment relies on chelating agents such as D-penicillamine and supportive care for the hemolysis and organ damage. Dialysis is used only after the kidney has already failed, not as the main tool against the poison itself.
Step 4: Rule out amphetamine poisoning.
Amphetamine is handled with sedation, cooling for high body temperature, and control of blood pressure and heart rhythm. It binds strongly to tissue and does not stay mainly in the blood, so a dialysis machine cannot pull much of it out.
Step 5: Rule out organophosphorus poisoning.
Organophosphorus compounds are treated with atropine and pralidoxime, plus airway support. These poisons are fat soluble and stick to tissue, so little stays in the blood where a dialysis membrane could reach it.
Step 6: Final answer.
Among the choices, only ethanol has the size, water solubility, and low protein binding that make it truly dialyzable.
\[ \boxed{\text{Ethanol poisoning}} \]
Hemodialysis pulls a poison out of the blood across a membrane. It works best when the poison is small in size, is not bound tightly to plasma proteins, does not spread widely into body tissues, and dissolves well in water.
Step 2: Check ethanol against these rules.
Ethanol is a small molecule that barely binds to plasma proteins, stays mostly in body water, and mixes freely with water. This makes it easy to pull out with a dialysis machine. When a patient has a dangerously high blood alcohol level, is in coma, or has breathing that is shutting down, and supportive care alone is not enough, or another toxic alcohol was taken along with it, hemodialysis is used to bring the level down fast.
Step 3: Rule out copper sulphate poisoning.
Copper sulphate poisoning causes vomiting, hemolysis, and can injure the kidney and liver. Treatment relies on chelating agents such as D-penicillamine and supportive care for the hemolysis and organ damage. Dialysis is used only after the kidney has already failed, not as the main tool against the poison itself.
Step 4: Rule out amphetamine poisoning.
Amphetamine is handled with sedation, cooling for high body temperature, and control of blood pressure and heart rhythm. It binds strongly to tissue and does not stay mainly in the blood, so a dialysis machine cannot pull much of it out.
Step 5: Rule out organophosphorus poisoning.
Organophosphorus compounds are treated with atropine and pralidoxime, plus airway support. These poisons are fat soluble and stick to tissue, so little stays in the blood where a dialysis membrane could reach it.
Step 6: Final answer.
Among the choices, only ethanol has the size, water solubility, and low protein binding that make it truly dialyzable.
\[ \boxed{\text{Ethanol poisoning}} \]
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