Question:
Given below is a pair of events I and II. You have to decide their nature of relationship. Assume that the given information is correct and final.
I. Sea level is steadily rising
II. Global Warming is a serious problem which the world is facing
Given below is a pair of events I and II. You have to decide their nature of relationship. Assume that the given information is correct and final.
I. Sea level is steadily rising
II. Global Warming is a serious problem which the world is facing
I. Sea level is steadily rising
II. Global Warming is a serious problem which the world is facing
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Think of one as the disease and the other as its symptom. Melting ice and the expansion of warm water are what push the sea up.
Updated On: Jul 17, 2026
- I is the main cause and II is the main effect
- I is effect but II is not the main cause
- II is the main cause and I is the main effect
- II is an effect but I is not the main cause
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
Event I is a steady rise in sea level. Event II is global warming being a serious problem for the world. We have to fix the direction of causation between them.
Step 2: Key Approach:
Recall the physical mechanism that connects a warming planet with the height of the oceans, and then see which event has to come first for that mechanism to work.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Global warming is the long term rise in the average temperature of the earth, driven mainly by greenhouse gases trapping heat.
A warmer planet raises sea level in two ways. First, the polar ice caps and glaciers melt, and that meltwater flows into the oceans and adds to their volume. Second, water expands when it is heated, so the ocean itself takes up more space as it warms. This is called thermal expansion. Both effects push the sea level up.
So global warming is the underlying cause and the rising sea level is one of its most visible effects. II causes I, which is option (C).
Now test the reverse. Could a rising sea level cause global warming? Water rising a few millimetres a year does not add heat to the atmosphere. The ocean level is a symptom of the heating, not its source. So direction I to II fails.
Step 4: Why the other options fail:
(A) makes the sea level rise the cause of global warming, which reverses the physics.
(B) accepts that I is an effect but rules out II as its cause. Since warming driven melting and thermal expansion are exactly why the sea is rising, ruling II out leaves the rise unexplained.
(D) calls global warming an effect, but the passage gives nothing that global warming could be an effect of, and certainly not a rising sea.
Step 5: Final Answer:
The answer is option (C): II is the main cause and I is the main effect.
Event I is a steady rise in sea level. Event II is global warming being a serious problem for the world. We have to fix the direction of causation between them.
Step 2: Key Approach:
Recall the physical mechanism that connects a warming planet with the height of the oceans, and then see which event has to come first for that mechanism to work.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Global warming is the long term rise in the average temperature of the earth, driven mainly by greenhouse gases trapping heat.
A warmer planet raises sea level in two ways. First, the polar ice caps and glaciers melt, and that meltwater flows into the oceans and adds to their volume. Second, water expands when it is heated, so the ocean itself takes up more space as it warms. This is called thermal expansion. Both effects push the sea level up.
So global warming is the underlying cause and the rising sea level is one of its most visible effects. II causes I, which is option (C).
Now test the reverse. Could a rising sea level cause global warming? Water rising a few millimetres a year does not add heat to the atmosphere. The ocean level is a symptom of the heating, not its source. So direction I to II fails.
Step 4: Why the other options fail:
(A) makes the sea level rise the cause of global warming, which reverses the physics.
(B) accepts that I is an effect but rules out II as its cause. Since warming driven melting and thermal expansion are exactly why the sea is rising, ruling II out leaves the rise unexplained.
(D) calls global warming an effect, but the passage gives nothing that global warming could be an effect of, and certainly not a rising sea.
Step 5: Final Answer:
The answer is option (C): II is the main cause and I is the main effect.
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