Question

Given below are two statements
Statement I : Trees and forests are major means of combating climate change.
Statement II: Forests do influence on the microclimate of the region
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
• C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
• D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Hint:

Think of a forest as a "biological air conditioner." It sequester carbon (Global benefit) and cools the air/moistens the soil (Local microclimate benefit).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question requires validating two basic ecological principles regarding the environmental impact of forest ecosystems.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:

• Climate Change Mitigation (Statement I): As established in Question 107, forests act as significant carbon sinks. By sequestering atmospheric \(CO_2\), they directly address the cause of global warming. Therefore, they are a primary tool for mitigation of climate change. Statement I is correct.

• Microclimate Regulation (Statement II): Forests significantly alter the physical environment within and immediately around them. This is called the "microclimate." Forests:
- Reduce temperature extremes (cooler in day, warmer at night).
- Increase relative humidity through evapotranspiration.
- Reduce wind speed.
- Influence local rainfall patterns through the recycling of water vapor.
Therefore, Statement II is correct.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Both statements are fundamental and correct truths in forest ecology.