Question:
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : In ruminants, traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is commonly seen in the central tendinous portion of the diaphragm.
Reason (R) : Central tendinous portion is the thinnest part of the diaphragm, and lacks tone.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : In ruminants, traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is commonly seen in the central tendinous portion of the diaphragm.
Reason (R) : Central tendinous portion is the thinnest part of the diaphragm, and lacks tone.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Assertion (A) : In ruminants, traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is commonly seen in the central tendinous portion of the diaphragm.
Reason (R) : Central tendinous portion is the thinnest part of the diaphragm, and lacks tone.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Show Hint
In cattle, traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is almost always associated with traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP).
The proximity of the reticulum to the thin, weak central tendinous portion of the diaphragm makes this the most common site of herniation.
The proximity of the reticulum to the thin, weak central tendinous portion of the diaphragm makes this the most common site of herniation.
Updated On: Aug 3, 2026
- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
- Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
- (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
- (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Diaphragmatic hernia is the protrusion of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity through a tear or defect in the diaphragm.
In adult cattle and buffaloes, traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is a common clinical condition, often associated with traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the anatomical structure of the bovine diaphragm and its susceptibility to injury:
- Anatomy of the Diaphragm: The diaphragm consists of a peripheral muscular portion and a central aponeurotic/tendinous portion (centrum tendineum).
- Assertion (A): In ruminants, most acquired diaphragmatic tears occur in the ventromedial or central tendinous portion of the diaphragm.
This area lies directly adjacent to the cranial dome of the reticulum.
Foreign bodies (like nails or wires) that penetrate the reticular wall often injure this region. Thus, Assertion (A) is correct.
- Reason (R): The central tendinous portion is the thinnest part of the diaphragm, has minimal vascularity, and lacks muscular tone.
These structural characteristics make it the weakest part of the diaphragm, making it highly susceptible to tearing under increased intra-abdominal pressure or during foreign body penetration.
Therefore, the reason is correct and directly explains why diaphragmatic hernias commonly occur in this specific region.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Both (A) and (R) are correct, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Diaphragmatic hernia is the protrusion of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity through a tear or defect in the diaphragm.
In adult cattle and buffaloes, traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is a common clinical condition, often associated with traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the anatomical structure of the bovine diaphragm and its susceptibility to injury:
- Anatomy of the Diaphragm: The diaphragm consists of a peripheral muscular portion and a central aponeurotic/tendinous portion (centrum tendineum).
- Assertion (A): In ruminants, most acquired diaphragmatic tears occur in the ventromedial or central tendinous portion of the diaphragm.
This area lies directly adjacent to the cranial dome of the reticulum.
Foreign bodies (like nails or wires) that penetrate the reticular wall often injure this region. Thus, Assertion (A) is correct.
- Reason (R): The central tendinous portion is the thinnest part of the diaphragm, has minimal vascularity, and lacks muscular tone.
These structural characteristics make it the weakest part of the diaphragm, making it highly susceptible to tearing under increased intra-abdominal pressure or during foreign body penetration.
Therefore, the reason is correct and directly explains why diaphragmatic hernias commonly occur in this specific region.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Both (A) and (R) are correct, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
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