Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: Severe erosion will occur in gully if structure to control velocity of water along the slope is not provided. Reason R: Drop structures and chute spillways are used to prevent erosion in irrigation channels. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

• A. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
• B. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
• C. A is correct but R is not correct
• D. A is not correct but R is correct

Hint:

Structures used for erosion control:
• Drop spillway
• Chute spillway
• Check dam Purpose: \[ \boxed{ \text{Reduce flow velocity and prevent soil erosion} } \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Gully erosion occurs when runoff water flows with high velocity over unprotected land surfaces. To control erosion:
• Water velocity must be reduced
• Flow energy must be dissipated
• Protective structures are provided Common erosion control structures include:
• Drop structures
• Chute spillways
• Check dams

Step 1: Understanding Assertion A. Assertion A states: \[ \text{“Severe erosion will occur in gully if structure to control velocity of water along slope is not provided.”} \] This statement is correct because:
• High velocity runoff causes soil detachment
• Flowing water cuts deeper channels
• Gully dimensions increase rapidly Without erosion control structures: \[ \boxed{ \text{Gully erosion becomes severe} } \] Thus: \[ \boxed{ \text{Assertion A is correct} } \]

Step 2: Understanding Reason R. Reason R states: \[ \text{“Drop structures and chute spillways are used to prevent erosion in irrigation channels.”} \] This statement is also correct. These structures:
• Reduce water velocity
• Dissipate excess energy
• Protect soil from scouring Hence: \[ \boxed{ \text{Reason R is correct} } \]

Step 3: Checking whether Reason explains Assertion. Assertion A says:
• Erosion occurs if velocity control structures are absent Reason R explains:
• The exact structures used for controlling velocity and preventing erosion Thus: \[ \boxed{ \text{Reason R correctly explains Assertion A} } \]

Step 4: Selecting the correct option. We conclude:
• Assertion A is correct
• Reason R is correct
• R correctly explains A Hence: \[ \boxed{ (A) } \] is the correct answer. Final Conclusion: Drop structures and chute spillways reduce runoff velocity and therefore prevent severe gully erosion. Hence the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{ (A) } \]