Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Energy conservation reduces Environmental pollution.
Reason (R): Reduced Energy consumption leads to lower fuel consumption.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

Energy conservation is one of the most effective methods for:
• Reducing pollution
• Saving fossil fuels
• Lowering greenhouse gas emissions
• Achieving sustainable development Less energy demand directly results in reduced fuel combustion and cleaner environment.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Energy conservation refers to the practice of reducing unnecessary energy usage while maintaining the required level of output or comfort. It plays a major role in:
• Reducing fuel consumption
• Conserving natural resources
• Minimizing environmental pollution
• Lowering greenhouse gas emissions Most conventional energy generation systems depend upon fossil fuels such as:
• Coal
• Petroleum
• Natural gas Combustion of these fuels releases pollutants into the atmosphere.

Step 1: Analyze Assertion (A)
Assertion (A) states: \[ \text{Energy conservation reduces environmental pollution} \] This statement is correct. When energy is conserved:
• Less electricity is required
• Less fuel is burned in power plants
• Fewer pollutants are emitted As a result:
• Carbon dioxide emission decreases
• Air pollution decreases
• Greenhouse effect reduces
• Environmental quality improves Hence: \[ A \text{ is correct} \]

Step 2: Analyze Reason (R)
Reason (R) states: \[ \text{Reduced Energy consumption leads to lower fuel consumption} \] This statement is also correct. Most thermal power stations require large quantities of fossil fuel to generate electricity. If energy demand decreases:
• Less coal is burned
• Less diesel is consumed
• Less natural gas is required Therefore: \[ R \text{ is correct} \]

Step 3: Determine Whether Reason Explains Assertion
Now we check whether the reason properly explains the assertion. The assertion says: \[ \text{Energy conservation reduces pollution} \] The reason explains that: \[ \text{Reduced energy usage lowers fuel consumption} \] This directly explains the assertion because:
• Lower fuel consumption means reduced combustion
• Reduced combustion means lower pollutant emission
• Lower pollutant emission reduces environmental pollution Thus, the reason provides the correct logical explanation of the assertion.

Step 4: Final Conclusion

• Assertion (A) is correct.
• Reason (R) is also correct.
• Reason (R) correctly explains Assertion (A). Therefore, the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{(A)\ \text{Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)}} \]