Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Freeze drying results in higher nutrient loss compared to hot air drying.
Reason (R): Freeze drying operates at low temperature under vacuum.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

Freeze drying = maximum nutrient retention due to low temperature.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Concept: Freeze drying (lyophilization) is one of the best preservation methods for retaining nutrients, flavor, and structure of food due to its low-temperature operation.

Step 1: Evaluating Assertion (A).
Assertion states that freeze drying causes higher nutrient loss than hot air drying. This is incorrect because:
• Freeze drying preserves nutrients better
• Hot air drying causes significant thermal degradation

Step 2: Evaluating Reason (R).
Freeze drying:
• Operates at low temperature
• Uses vacuum conditions
• Removes moisture by sublimation Thus, Reason (R) is correct.

Step 3: Linking both statements.
Since the assertion is false and reason is true, they do not support each other. Final Conclusion:
Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. Hence, option (4) is correct.