Question

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The buffering capacity of buffalo milk is high in comparison to Cow milk.
Reason (R): Buffalo milk contains higher calcium and casein content in comparison to Cow milk.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

Higher protein (casein) + minerals = higher buffering capacity in milk.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Buffering capacity refers to the ability of milk to resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added. This property is mainly influenced by proteins (especially casein) and mineral content (especially calcium and phosphate).

Step 1: Understanding buffering capacity.
Milk contains buffering systems such as:
• Casein proteins
• Phosphate salts
• Citrates These components resist changes in pH.

Step 2: Composition of buffalo milk.
Buffalo milk contains:
• Higher casein content than cow milk
• Higher calcium and phosphate levels

Step 3: Effect on buffering capacity.

• More casein → more amino groups → better buffering
• More calcium salts → enhanced buffering action

Step 4: Linking Assertion and Reason.
Assertion states that buffering capacity is higher in buffalo milk, which is true.
Reason explains that higher casein and calcium content are responsible, which directly explains the assertion.

Step 5: Conclusion.
Both statements are correct and Reason is the correct explanation.