Question

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and other is labelled as ReasonR.
Assertion (A): Exotoxins diffuse freely through the bacterial call wall into the medium in which the organisms are growing. 
Reason (R): They are water soluble and can pass into the surrounding medium. 
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• B. Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
• C. A is true but R is false
• D. A is false but R istrue

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine the correctness of the statements given in the question, let's analyze both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) separately and then in conjunction with each other:

1. Understanding Assertion (A):
   "Exotoxins diffuse freely through the bacterial cell wall into the medium in which the organisms are growing."
   Exotoxins are toxic substances secreted by bacteria and released into their surroundings. Since they are proteins, they have the ability to diffuse through the bacterial cell wall into the surrounding medium. Therefore, Assertion (A) is true.
2. Understanding Reason (R):
   "They are water-soluble and can pass into the surrounding medium."
   Exotoxins are indeed water-soluble proteins. This solubility enables them to easily pass through the bacterial cell wall and into the surrounding medium where the bacteria are located. Hence, Reason (R) is also true.
3. Correlation between Assertion (A) and Reason (R): The reason provided (R) effectively explains the assertion (A). The water solubility of exotoxins is the key factor that allows their diffusion through the cell wall into the surrounding environment. Therefore, the reason given is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Based on the analysis above, the correct answer is: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.