Question

Given below are two statements: Assertion (A): In a pure inductive AC circuit, current lags voltage by \(90^\circ\). Reason (R): An inductor opposes the change in current flowing through it. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• C. A is true but R is false
• D. A is false but R is true

Hint:

Phase Difference in AC Circuits: Resistor arrow 0^\circ Inductor arrow 90^\circ Capacitor arrow 90^\circ
Remember: Current lags in Inductor Current leads in Capacitor

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Examine the Assertion. For a pure inductor: \[ V=L\frac{dI}{dt} \] Current lags behind voltage by: \[ \boxed{90^\circ} \] Hence, \[ \boxed{\text{Assertion (A) is True}} \]

Step 2: Examine the Reason. An inductor produces self-induced emf which opposes any change in current. \[ \boxed{\text{Reason (R) is True}} \]

Step 3: Determine the relationship. Because the inductor opposes change in current, the current cannot rise instantly and hence lags the voltage. Thus, Reason correctly explains Assertion. Therefore, \[ \boxed{\text{Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A}} \] Hence, \[ \boxed{\text{(A)}} \] is the correct answer.