Question

Given below are a few statements with reference to the human sperm.
1. Sperm head contains a large nucleus and a lot of cytoplasm.
2. Mitochondria in the middle piece of a sperm provides ATP for the sperm motility.
3. Posterior part of the sperm head is covered by acrosome.
4. Spermatids undergo maturation into spermatozoa by the process of spermiogenesis.
5. Acrosomal secretions help in the entry of the sperm into the ovum at the time of fertilization.
Choose the option with all true statements from the given options :

• A. (i), (ii) and (iv)
• B. (ii), (iii) and (v)
• C. (ii), (iv) and (v)
• D. (i), (iii) and (iv)

Hint:

Remember that the main part of the sperm is a haploid nucleus, the middle piece contains mitochondria for energy, and the anterior part is covered by the acrosome which helps in fertilization. Spermiogenesis is the process of sperm maturation

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Let's evaluate each statement about the human sperm:
(A) Sperm head contains a large nucleus and a lot of cytoplasm. This statement is incorrect. The sperm head primarily contains a haploid nucleus with very little cytoplasm.
(B) Mitochondria in the middle piece of a sperm provides ATP for the sperm motility. This statement is correct. The middle piece contains numerous mitochondria that produce energy (ATP) required for the movement of the sperm's tail.
(C) Posterior part of the sperm head is covered by acrosome. This statement is incorrect. The acrosome is a cap-like structure present at the anterior part of the sperm head.
(D) Spermatids undergo maturation into spermatozoa by the process of spermiogenesis. This statement is correct. Spermiogenesis is the transformation of spermatids into mature, motile spermatozoa.
(E) Acrosomal secretions help in the entry of the sperm into the ovum at the time of fertilization. This statement is correct. The acrosome contains enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the zona pellucida of the ovum during fertilization. Therefore, the true statements are (ii), (iv), and (v).