Step 1: Understanding DNA fingerprinting.
DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals based on unique patterns in their DNA.
Step 2: Role of VNTRs.
VNTRs (Variable Number Tandem Repeats) are short nucleotide sequences repeated multiple times in the genome. The number of repeats varies among individuals, making them ideal genetic markers.
Step 3: Analysis of options.
(A) RFLP: Incorrect — it is a technique, not the marker itself.
(B) TGF-B: Incorrect — it is a growth factor, not a genetic marker.
(C) TPA: Incorrect — it is an enzyme, unrelated to DNA fingerprinting.
(D) VNTRs: Correct — they serve as genetic markers in DNA fingerprinting.
Step 4: Conclusion.
The genetic markers used in DNA fingerprinting are VNTRs.