Question:
GEAC comes under which of the following ministry/department of Government of India?
GEAC comes under which of the following ministry/department of Government of India?
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Although GMOs are used primarily in agriculture and biotechnology, their environmental release is regulated by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) to evaluate and manage potential ecological risks.
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
- Ministry of Science, Technology & Earth Sciences
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
- Ministry of Commerce and Industry
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and transgenic crops in India is overseen by dedicated statutory committees.
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) is the apex body responsible for approving the environmental release and commercial cultivation of GMOs.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) was established under the Rules for the Manufacture, Use, Import, Export, and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms, Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989.
These rules were formulated under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
The GEAC operates under the administrative control of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
The committee is chaired by the Special Secretary or Additional Secretary of MoEFCC, and co-chaired by a representative from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT).
Its primary responsibilities are to:
- Review and approve proposals for the environmental release of GM crops, such as Bt cotton or GM mustard.
- Regulate large-scale field trials and industrial production of recombinant products.
- Approve the import, export, and commercial use of GMOs and products derived from them.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The GEAC operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
This corresponds to Option (C).
The regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and transgenic crops in India is overseen by dedicated statutory committees.
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) is the apex body responsible for approving the environmental release and commercial cultivation of GMOs.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) was established under the Rules for the Manufacture, Use, Import, Export, and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms, Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989.
These rules were formulated under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
The GEAC operates under the administrative control of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
The committee is chaired by the Special Secretary or Additional Secretary of MoEFCC, and co-chaired by a representative from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT).
Its primary responsibilities are to:
- Review and approve proposals for the environmental release of GM crops, such as Bt cotton or GM mustard.
- Regulate large-scale field trials and industrial production of recombinant products.
- Approve the import, export, and commercial use of GMOs and products derived from them.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The GEAC operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
This corresponds to Option (C).
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