Question

For electric power transmission, copper or aluminium wire is used.

Hint:

While copper has better conductivity, aluminium’s lower cost and lighter weight make it a preferred choice for long-distance power transmission.

Answer 1

Copper and aluminium are commonly used materials for electric power transmission due to their excellent electrical properties.
Low Resistivity (High Conductivity): They both have low resistivity, meaning they offer minimal resistance to the flow of electricity. This allows for efficient transmission of electrical power with minimal loss of energy in the form of heat.
Ductility and Malleability: Both metals are highly ductile, meaning they can be easily drawn into thin wires.
Availability and Cost: While copper has slightly better conductivity, aluminium is lighter and more cost-effective. This makes aluminium a preferred choice for long-distance, high-voltage overhead power transmission lines, where its lower cost and lighter weight are significant advantages. Copper is often used in applications where space is a constraint and higher efficiency is required.