Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Providing adequate lighting is a key factor in livestock housing design, affecting both sanitation practices and the physiological health of the animals.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze both statements:
Statement (I): This is a classic principle of veterinary hygiene: "dirt unseen is dirt left undisturbed."
Without sufficient natural or artificial light, dark corners in a barn hide accumulated dust, manure, cobwebs, and feed residues.
These hidden residues can harbor pathogens and parasites.
Proper lighting makes dirt visible, encouraging workers to clean and disinfect the area thoroughly. Thus, Statement (I) iscorrect.
Statement (II): Light is a vital physiological regulator for animals, affecting circadian rhythms, pineal gland activity, melatonin secretion, reproductive hormones, and overall productivity.
Additionally, workers need clear visibility to perform daily management tasks such as heat detection, health checks, and milking.
Therefore, light is not just a material factor for hygiene; it is a critical, non-negotiable prerequisite for efficient farm management.
Stating that it is "not a necessary pre-requisite" is incorrect. Thus, Statement (II) isincorrect.
Therefore, Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (C).