Question

Explain the measures made by government to improve Indian agriculture.

Hint:

Government initiatives such as irrigation development, use of modern technology, institutional credit, and price support policies play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity and improving farmers’ livelihoods in India.

Answer 1

Concept: Agriculture plays a vital role in the Indian economy as it provides livelihood to a large section of the population and contributes significantly to food security. To improve agricultural productivity and support farmers, the government has implemented several measures and development programmes. Step 1: {\color{red}Expansion of irrigation facilities.} The government has invested in the development of irrigation projects such as dams, canals, and tube wells. These projects help provide a reliable water supply to agricultural fields and reduce dependence on monsoon rainfall.
Step 2: {\color{red}Introduction of modern technology.} The use of modern agricultural techniques such as High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and improved farming equipment has been encouraged to increase crop productivity.
Step 3: {\color{red}Institutional credit and financial support.} Banks and cooperative societies provide loans to farmers at reasonable interest rates. This helps farmers purchase seeds, fertilizers, and agricultural machinery.
Step 4: {\color{red}Price support and marketing facilities.} The government provides Minimum Support Price (MSP) for major crops to ensure that farmers receive fair prices for their produce. Agricultural markets and storage facilities have also been developed.
Step 5: {\color{red}Research and agricultural education.} Agricultural research institutions and universities work to develop improved crop varieties and better farming practices. Extension services help spread this knowledge among farmers.