Concept:
The spinal cord is divided into spinal segments, and each segment gives rise to a pair of spinal nerves. Associated with the dorsal roots of these spinal nerves are structures called dorsal root ganglia, which contain the cell bodies of sensory neurons.
These ganglia play an important role in transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system.
Step 1: Understand the structure associated with spinal nerves.
Each spinal segment is connected with spinal nerves containing sensory and motor fibers.
Step 2: Identify the associated structure.
The sensory roots of spinal nerves contain:
\[
\text{Dorsal root ganglia}
\]
Hence, the correct answer is:
\[
\boxed{(C)\ \text{Dorsal root ganglia}}
\]