Question

DNA sequencing followed by genome annotation are steps of

• A. Comparative Genomics
• B. Functional Genomics
• C. Transcriptomics
• D. Structural Genomics

Hint:

Think of genome analysis as a building process: Structural Genomics sequences and maps the blueprint, while Functional Genomics determines how the elements of the building operate.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Genomics is divided into several sub-disciplines based on whether the research focuses on determining the physical structure, biological function, or evolutionary history of genomes.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the scope of each sub-discipline mentioned:
1. Structural Genomics (D) focuses on the physical characterization of genomes.
This includes high-throughput DNA sequencing, gene mapping, sequence assembly, and initial genome annotation to locate gene boundaries, open reading frames, and regulatory elements.
2. Functional Genomics (B) uses the data produced by structural genomics to study gene transcription, translation, and protein interactions, determining how genes function in cellular processes.
3. Comparative Genomics (A) compares the genomic structures of different species to study evolutionary processes and identify conserved genetic regions.
4. Transcriptomics (C) is the study of the complete set of RNA transcripts produced by the genome under specific physiological conditions.
Because DNA sequencing and initial genome annotation establish the basic physical map and gene structure of the genome, they are classified under structural genomics.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, the correct option is (D).