Question

Difference between Active and Passive immunity.

Hint:

Remember: Active = Own antibodies, Passive = Borrowed antibodies.

Answer 1

Concept: Immunity is the ability of the body to resist infections. It is broadly classified into active and passive immunity.
Step 1: Differences.
\[ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline Basis & Active Immunity & Passive Immunity
\hline Definition & Body produces its own antibodies & Antibodies received from outside
\hline Source & Infection or vaccination & Mother (placenta/milk) or injections
\hline Onset & Slow & Immediate
\hline Duration & Long-lasting & Short-lived
\hline Memory & Immunological memory present & No memory
\hline Examples & Vaccination, natural infection & Maternal antibodies, antiserum
\hline \end{array} \]
Step 2: Explanation.

• Active immunity develops when the immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies.
• Passive immunity provides ready-made antibodies for immediate protection.

Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, active immunity is long-term and self-generated, while passive immunity is short-term and externally acquired.