Concept:
Stock exchanges are organized markets where securities are bought and sold.
Step 1: Historical background.
The Amsterdam Stock Exchange, established in 1602 by the Dutch East India Company, is considered the world's first and oldest stock exchange.
Step 2: Evaluate options.
- National Stock Exchange $\rightarrow$ Established in 1992 (incorrect)
- London Stock Exchange $\rightarrow$ Established later (incorrect)
- Amsterdam Stock Exchange $\rightarrow$ Oldest (correct)
- Bombay Stock Exchange $\rightarrow$ Oldest in Asia, not world (incorrect)
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, the Amsterdam Stock Exchange is the oldest stock exchange in the world.