Question

Determine the correctness of the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) regarding the Rigveda:
Assertion (A): The first sukta of the Rigveda is the Agni Sukta.
Reason (R): The second Mandala of the Rigveda is famously known as the 'Pavamana Mandala'.

• (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (A) and (R) both are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
• (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
• (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

Hint:

Remember: Pavamana = Soma = 9th Mandala. If any other Mandala (like 2, 3, or 10) is called Pavamana, it is an incorrect statement. For Assertion/Reason, always check the truth of both statements independently first.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This is an Assertion-Reason type question testing structural and factual knowledge of the Rigveda Samhita. Assertion (A) deals with the opening of the text, while Reason (R) deals with the nomenclature of its Mandalas. These are fundamental facts taught in the introduction to Rigvedic studies.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze both statements individually:

Analysis of Assertion (A):
The Rigveda Samhita begins with Mandala 1, Sukta 1, which is addressed to Agni, the fire god ("agnimile purohitam..."). This sukta is universally recognized as the Agni Sukta. Therefore, the assertion that the first sukta of the Rigveda is the Agni Sukta is factually correct. Agni is the first deity to be praised because he is the intermediary between humans and gods.

Analysis of Reason (R):
In the Rigveda, the ninth Mandala (Mandala 9) is entirely dedicated to Soma Pavamana (the flowing Soma). Because of this, the 9th Mandala is exclusively called the 'Pavamana Mandala'. The second Mandala, on the other hand, is the first of the "Family Books" (Kula-mandalas) and is attributed to the sage Gritsamada. It has no special title like 'Pavamana'. Therefore, the statement that the second Mandala is the Pavamana Mandala is factually incorrect.

Conclusion:
Since Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false, there is no need to check for a logical connection between them. Option (3) is the correct choice. This question requires a basic but precise memory of the Rigveda's organization. Confusion between the 2nd and 9th Mandala is a common trap for students.

Step 3: Final Answer:
(A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. Therefore, the correct option is (3).