Question:
Choose the correct statements among the following
A) By the deposition of the organic compounds the heartwood is resistance to attacking of Insects
B) Growth ring is produced with the activity of autumn wood
C) The function of phellogen is to provide protection layer to the broken parts of outer cortical and epidermal layers, in the secondary growth of vascular cambium
Choose the correct statements among the following
A) By the deposition of the organic compounds the heartwood is resistance to attacking of Insects
B) Growth ring is produced with the activity of autumn wood
C) The function of phellogen is to provide protection layer to the broken parts of outer cortical and epidermal layers, in the secondary growth of vascular cambium
A) By the deposition of the organic compounds the heartwood is resistance to attacking of Insects
B) Growth ring is produced with the activity of autumn wood
C) The function of phellogen is to provide protection layer to the broken parts of outer cortical and epidermal layers, in the secondary growth of vascular cambium
Show Hint
One annual ring = One spring wood band + One autumn wood band.
They represent the seasonal environmental variations in vascular cambium activity over one year.
They represent the seasonal environmental variations in vascular cambium activity over one year.
Updated On: Jul 22, 2026
- A, B, C
- Both A & B
- Both B & C
- Both A & C
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
This question tests our understanding of secondary growth in woody dicot stems, covering topics like heartwood properties, annual/growth rings, and the function of the cork cambium (phellogen).
Step 2: Key Concepts and Approach:
We evaluate the anatomical changes in secondary xylem and the periderm during secondary growth.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
• Statement A: As a tree ages, the central layers of the secondary xylem become inactive.
They accumulate organic compounds such as tannins, resins, oils, gums, and aromatic substances.
This region is called heartwood (duramen). These organic depositions make the wood highly durable and resistant to insects and microbial decay. This statement is correct.
• Statement B: A growth ring (annual ring) is produced by the combined activity of both spring wood (early wood) and autumn wood (late wood) formed within a single year.
It is not formed by the activity of autumn wood alone. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
• Statement C: During secondary growth, the increase in stem girth ruptures the outer cortical and epidermal layers.
Phellogen (cork cambium) develops in the outer cortical region to produce cork (phellem) on the outside and secondary cortex (phelloderm) on the inside, protecting the inner tissues. This statement is correct.
Step 4: Final Answer:
Statements A and C are correct, while Statement B is incorrect.
This question tests our understanding of secondary growth in woody dicot stems, covering topics like heartwood properties, annual/growth rings, and the function of the cork cambium (phellogen).
Step 2: Key Concepts and Approach:
We evaluate the anatomical changes in secondary xylem and the periderm during secondary growth.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
• Statement A: As a tree ages, the central layers of the secondary xylem become inactive.
They accumulate organic compounds such as tannins, resins, oils, gums, and aromatic substances.
This region is called heartwood (duramen). These organic depositions make the wood highly durable and resistant to insects and microbial decay. This statement is correct.
• Statement B: A growth ring (annual ring) is produced by the combined activity of both spring wood (early wood) and autumn wood (late wood) formed within a single year.
It is not formed by the activity of autumn wood alone. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
• Statement C: During secondary growth, the increase in stem girth ruptures the outer cortical and epidermal layers.
Phellogen (cork cambium) develops in the outer cortical region to produce cork (phellem) on the outside and secondary cortex (phelloderm) on the inside, protecting the inner tissues. This statement is correct.
Step 4: Final Answer:
Statements A and C are correct, while Statement B is incorrect.
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