Question:
Bacteriophages are considered as one of the single most important cause of slow starter action or starter failure. Measures employed to minimize the risk of phage attack include:
A. Incorporation of electrolytes in the growth media.
B. The use of mixed and phage-unrelated cultures.
C. Strict adherence to aseptic techniques.
D. Proper selection of the starter growth media and proper heat treatment of media.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Bacteriophages are considered as one of the single most important cause of slow starter action or starter failure. Measures employed to minimize the risk of phage attack include:
A. Incorporation of electrolytes in the growth media.
B. The use of mixed and phage-unrelated cultures.
C. Strict adherence to aseptic techniques.
D. Proper selection of the starter growth media and proper heat treatment of media.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Incorporation of electrolytes in the growth media.
B. The use of mixed and phage-unrelated cultures.
C. Strict adherence to aseptic techniques.
D. Proper selection of the starter growth media and proper heat treatment of media.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Show Hint
Phage control: mixed cultures, aseptic techniques, proper media selection.
Phage attack is a major cause of starter failure.
Phage attack is a major cause of starter failure.
Updated On: Aug 18, 2026
- (A), (B), (C) only
- (A), (C), (D) only
- (A), (B), (D) only
- (B), (C), (D) only
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Bacteriophages can infect starter cultures.
Several measures can minimize phage attack.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
No specific formula.
Need to know the phage control measures.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Statement A: Incorporation of electrolytes - incorrect (not a phage control measure).
Statement B: Use of mixed and phage-unrelated cultures - correct.
Statement C: Strict adherence to aseptic techniques - correct.
Statement D: Proper selection of media and heat treatment - correct.
Thus, B, C, and D are correct.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The correct measures are (B), (C), and (D).
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Bacteriophages can infect starter cultures.
Several measures can minimize phage attack.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
No specific formula.
Need to know the phage control measures.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Statement A: Incorporation of electrolytes - incorrect (not a phage control measure).
Statement B: Use of mixed and phage-unrelated cultures - correct.
Statement C: Strict adherence to aseptic techniques - correct.
Statement D: Proper selection of media and heat treatment - correct.
Thus, B, C, and D are correct.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The correct measures are (B), (C), and (D).
Hence, the correct option is (D).
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