Question

Assertion (A): Organic farming promotes environmental sustainability.
Reason (R): Organic farming avoids the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, which helps preserve soil health, conserve water resources, and reduce pollution of air and water bodies.

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Hint:

In assertion-reason questions, ensure that both statements are independently true before evaluating their relationship.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Organic farming supports sustainability by maintaining ecological balance and reducing dependence on harmful chemicals. The avoidance of synthetic inputs directly contributes to the environmental benefits stated in the assertion.

Answer 2

Assertion-Reason check method: First test Assertion (A) alone, organic farming is widely documented to promote environmental sustainability through improved soil health, biodiversity and reduced pollution, so (A) is true.
Next test Reason (R) alone, organic farming indeed avoids synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, and this avoidance is what preserves soil health, conserves water quality and reduces air/water pollution, so (R) is true.
Finally check the logical link, does avoiding synthetic chemicals (R) explain why sustainability is promoted (A)? Yes, the mechanism described in R is precisely the cause of the outcome stated in A.
Since both statements are independently true and R logically explains A, the first option is correct.