Question

Arrange the following milestone events of development of psychology as a discipline in chronological order:
A. Pavlov studies conditioning
B. Wundt establishes first laboratory of psychology
C. Carl Rogers helps to start humanistic movement
D. William James publishes 'Principles of Psychology'
E. Mary Caulkins elected first women president of APA
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. D - B - A - C - E
• B. B - D - A - E - C
• C. A - D - E - B - C
• D. D - B - C - A - E

Hint:

Using Wundt's lab ($1879$) as the starting anchor point and the Humanistic movement ($1950$s) as the final point immediately isolates the correct timeline options.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question requires us to arrange major global milestones in the history of experimental and theoretical psychology in chronological order.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:

• Let us trace the historical dates for each of the global milestones listed:

• B. Wundt establishes first laboratory of psychology: Wilhelm Wundt established the world's first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig in Germany in $1879$.

• D. William James publishes 'Principles of Psychology': William James published this highly influential, landmark textbook on functional psychology in the year $1890$.

• A. Pavlov studies conditioning: Ivan Pavlov began his famous research on salivary conditioning in dogs in the late $1890$s, presenting his major findings on classical conditioning at the International Medical Congress around $1903$ and winning the Nobel Prize in $1904$.

• E. Mary Caulkins elected first women president of APA: Mary Whiton Calkins was elected as the first female president of the American Psychological Association in the year $1905$.

• C. Carl Rogers helps to start humanistic movement: Carl Rogers published "Client-Centered Therapy" in $1951$, which helped launch the humanistic psychology movement (often called the "third force") during the $1950$s.

• Organizing these dates chronologically: $1879$ (B) $\rightarrow$ $1890$ (D) $\rightarrow$ $1903$ (A) $\rightarrow$ $1905$ (E) $\rightarrow$ $1950$s (C).

• This gives the sequence: B - D - A - E - C.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct chronological order of the historical milestones is B - D - A - E - C.