Question:
Arrange the following Glaciations in the chronological sequence leading to Holocene Epoch:
(A) Riss
(B) Gunz
(C) Wurm
(D) Mindel
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Arrange the following Glaciations in the chronological sequence leading to Holocene Epoch:
(A) Riss
(B) Gunz
(C) Wurm
(D) Mindel
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) Riss
(B) Gunz
(C) Wurm
(D) Mindel
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Show Hint
Alpine Glacial sequence in chronological order (Oldest to Youngest):
Gunz $\rightarrow$ Mindel $\rightarrow$ Riss $\rightarrow$ Wurm
Mnemonic: Great Men Run West.
Gunz $\rightarrow$ Mindel $\rightarrow$ Riss $\rightarrow$ Wurm
Mnemonic: Great Men Run West.
Updated On: Sep 4, 2026
- (A), (B), (D), (C)
- (C), (A), (B), (D)
- (C), (A), (D), (B)
- (B), (D), (A), (C)
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
The Pleistocene Epoch was marked by repeated global climatic cooling episodes known as glacial periods, separated by warmer interglacial intervals.
In 1909, geologists Albrecht Penck and Eduard Brückner established the classical four-fold Alpine glacial framework in Europe.
This question requires sequencing the four European Pleistocene glaciations in chronological order leading towards the Holocene.
Step 1: Chronological Analysis of Alpine Glacial Periods:
1. Günz Glaciation (B): The first and earliest major Pleistocene glaciation in the Alpine scheme, occurring approximately $1.2\text{ to }0.9\text{ million years ago (mya)}$.
2. Mindel Glaciation (D): The second major glacial period, spanning from $\approx 600,000\text{ to }450,000\text{ years ago}$, separated from Günz by the Günz-Mindel interglacial.
3. Riss Glaciation (A): The third glacial episode, spanning from $\approx 300,000\text{ to }130,000\text{ years ago}$, following the long Mindel-Riss (Great) interglacial.
4. Würm Glaciation (C): The fourth and final Pleistocene glaciation, spanning from $\approx 115,000\text{ years ago}$ to approximately $11,700\text{ years ago}$, immediately preceding the warm Holocene Epoch.
Step 2: Structuring the Chronological Order:
The chronological order from oldest to newest is:
Gunz (B) $\rightarrow$ Mindel (D) $\rightarrow$ Riss (A) $\rightarrow$ Wurm (C).
Step 3: Final Answer:
This sequence corresponds to Option (D).
The Pleistocene Epoch was marked by repeated global climatic cooling episodes known as glacial periods, separated by warmer interglacial intervals.
In 1909, geologists Albrecht Penck and Eduard Brückner established the classical four-fold Alpine glacial framework in Europe.
This question requires sequencing the four European Pleistocene glaciations in chronological order leading towards the Holocene.
Step 1: Chronological Analysis of Alpine Glacial Periods:
1. Günz Glaciation (B): The first and earliest major Pleistocene glaciation in the Alpine scheme, occurring approximately $1.2\text{ to }0.9\text{ million years ago (mya)}$.
2. Mindel Glaciation (D): The second major glacial period, spanning from $\approx 600,000\text{ to }450,000\text{ years ago}$, separated from Günz by the Günz-Mindel interglacial.
3. Riss Glaciation (A): The third glacial episode, spanning from $\approx 300,000\text{ to }130,000\text{ years ago}$, following the long Mindel-Riss (Great) interglacial.
4. Würm Glaciation (C): The fourth and final Pleistocene glaciation, spanning from $\approx 115,000\text{ years ago}$ to approximately $11,700\text{ years ago}$, immediately preceding the warm Holocene Epoch.
Step 2: Structuring the Chronological Order:
The chronological order from oldest to newest is:
Gunz (B) $\rightarrow$ Mindel (D) $\rightarrow$ Riss (A) $\rightarrow$ Wurm (C).
Step 3: Final Answer:
This sequence corresponds to Option (D).
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