Question:
Analysis of ghee
Take 1-2 g of molten sample and dissolve in 2-3 ml of hexane. Add 1 ml of each 25% HCl and 5% sodium nitrile solution to hexane dissolved sample, shaking well and adding 1 ml of 10% sodium hydroxide solution and check the colour.
The test described above may give following result/s:
Statement (I): Appearance of pink/red colour indicate presence of Rice bran oil.
Statement (II): Appearance of orange-red colour indicate presence of Rice bran oil.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Analysis of ghee
Take 1-2 g of molten sample and dissolve in 2-3 ml of hexane. Add 1 ml of each 25% HCl and 5% sodium nitrile solution to hexane dissolved sample, shaking well and adding 1 ml of 10% sodium hydroxide solution and check the colour.
The test described above may give following result/s:
Statement (I): Appearance of pink/red colour indicate presence of Rice bran oil.
Statement (II): Appearance of orange-red colour indicate presence of Rice bran oil.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Take 1-2 g of molten sample and dissolve in 2-3 ml of hexane. Add 1 ml of each 25% HCl and 5% sodium nitrile solution to hexane dissolved sample, shaking well and adding 1 ml of 10% sodium hydroxide solution and check the colour.
The test described above may give following result/s:
Statement (I): Appearance of pink/red colour indicate presence of Rice bran oil.
Statement (II): Appearance of orange-red colour indicate presence of Rice bran oil.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Show Hint
The Baudouin test is another famous test for ghee, but it is specifically used to detect Sesame oil (Sesamol) by producing a crimson-red color.
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
- Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
- Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
- Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Adulteration of ghee with cheaper vegetable oils like Rice Bran Oil (RBO) is a major concern. Specific chemical tests are developed to detect these adulterants based on unique chemical markers.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The procedure described is a modified test for the detection of oryzanol or specific phenolic compounds present in Rice Bran Oil. When RBO-adulterated ghee is treated with hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite, a diazotization reaction occurs. The subsequent addition of sodium hydroxide (an alkali) acts as a coupling agent or pH adjuster that develops a characteristic color.
In standard analytical procedures for ghee purity (such as those defined by BIS or FSSAI), the appearance of a pinkish-red or crimson red color in the lower acid/alkali layer is the definitive positive result for the presence of Rice Bran Oil. An orange-red color is often associated with other vegetable oils or is considered a false/ambiguous result. Thus, Statement (I) correctly identifies the indicative color, while Statement (II) is slightly inaccurate in its description of the positive test shade.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
Adulteration of ghee with cheaper vegetable oils like Rice Bran Oil (RBO) is a major concern. Specific chemical tests are developed to detect these adulterants based on unique chemical markers.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The procedure described is a modified test for the detection of oryzanol or specific phenolic compounds present in Rice Bran Oil. When RBO-adulterated ghee is treated with hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite, a diazotization reaction occurs. The subsequent addition of sodium hydroxide (an alkali) acts as a coupling agent or pH adjuster that develops a characteristic color.
In standard analytical procedures for ghee purity (such as those defined by BIS or FSSAI), the appearance of a pinkish-red or crimson red color in the lower acid/alkali layer is the definitive positive result for the presence of Rice Bran Oil. An orange-red color is often associated with other vegetable oils or is considered a false/ambiguous result. Thus, Statement (I) correctly identifies the indicative color, while Statement (II) is slightly inaccurate in its description of the positive test shade.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
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