Question:
Among the following species, the most stable carbonium ion is
Among the following species, the most stable carbonium ion is
Show Hint
Resonance stabilization is the most significant factor in carbocation stability. The more resonance structures possible, the more stable the carbocation.
Updated On: Apr 16, 2026
- C\(_6\)H\(_5\)CHC\(_6\)H\(_5^+\)
- C\(_6\)H\(_5\)CH\(_2^+\)
- CH\(_3\)CH\(_2^+\)
- C\(_6\)H\(_5\)CH\(_2\)CH\(_2^+\)
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The stability of carbocations increases with the number of alkyl groups attached to the positively charged carbon and with the presence of groups that can delocalize the positive charge through resonance.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
• (A) C\(_6\)H\(_5\)CHC\(_6\)H\(_5^+\): Diphenylmethyl carbocation. The positive charge is delocalized over two aromatic rings, making it very stable. It is a benzylic carbocation with two phenyl rings. • (B) C\(_6\)H\(_5\)CH\(_2^+\): Benzyl carbocation. Delocalized over one aromatic ring, stable but less so than (A). • (C) CH\(_3\)CH\(_2^+\): Primary alkyl carbocation. Very unstable. • (D) C\(_6\)H\(_5\)CH\(_2\)CH\(_2^+\): Primary carbocation with a phenyl group on the \(\beta\)-carbon. No direct resonance stabilization of the positive charge. The order of stability: \(3^\circ\) benzylic > \(2^\circ\) benzylic > \(1^\circ\) benzylic > alkyl. Diphenylmethyl is a \(2^\circ\) benzylic with two resonance contributors.
Step 3: Final Answer:
C\(_6\)H\(_5\)CHC\(_6\)H\(_5^+\) is the most stable, which corresponds to option (A).
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